MC服务器备份脚本

前言

最近开了个 mc 服务器，为了提高数据的安全性，使用 python 写了个简单的备份脚本

备份存档数据 （包含三个世界的数据）

代码如下：

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

import os
import zipfile
import datetime
import logging

# 设置备份目录和备份文件名
backup_dir = "/home/minecraft/backups"
server_path = "/root/mc"

# 配置日志输出
logging.basicConfig(filename=os.path.join(backup_dir, "backup.log"), level=logging.ERROR,
                    format='%(asctime)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s')

def backup_minecraft_server():
    try:
        # 切换到服务器目录
        os.chdir(server_path)

        # 备份world世界
        world_backup_file = "world_{}.zip".format(datetime.datetime.now().strftime('%Y-%m-%d_%H-%M-%S'))
        with zipfile.ZipFile(os.path.join(backup_dir, world_backup_file), "w", zipfile.ZIP_DEFLATED) as archive:
            for root, dirs, files in os.walk("world"):
                for file in files:
                    archive.write(os.path.join(root, file))

        # 备份world_nether世界
        nether_backup_file = "world_nether_{}.zip".format(datetime.datetime.now().strftime('%Y-%m-%d_%H-%M-%S'))
        with zipfile.ZipFile(os.path.join(backup_dir, nether_backup_file), "w", zipfile.ZIP_DEFLATED) as archive:
            for root, dirs, files in os.walk("world_nether"):
                for file in files:
                    archive.write(os.path.join(root, file))

        # 备份world_the_end世界
        end_backup_file = "world_the_end_{}.zip".format(datetime.datetime.now().strftime('%Y-%m-%d_%H-%M-%S'))
        with zipfile.ZipFile(os.path.join(backup_dir, end_backup_file), "w", zipfile.ZIP_DEFLATED) as archive:
            for root, dirs, files in os.walk("world_the_end"):
                for file in files:
                    archive.write(os.path.join(root, file))

        # 合并备份文件
        merged_backup_file = "minecraft_backup_{}.zip".format(datetime.datetime.now().strftime('%Y-%m-%d_%H-%M-%S'))
        with zipfile.ZipFile(os.path.join(backup_dir, merged_backup_file), "w", zipfile.ZIP_DEFLATED) as archive:
            archive.write(os.path.join(backup_dir, world_backup_file), arcname="world.zip")
            archive.write(os.path.join(backup_dir, nether_backup_file), arcname="world_nether.zip")
            archive.write(os.path.join(backup_dir, end_backup_file), arcname="world_the_end.zip")

        # 删除临时备份文件
        os.remove(os.path.join(backup_dir, world_backup_file))
        os.remove(os.path.join(backup_dir, nether_backup_file))
        os.remove(os.path.join(backup_dir, end_backup_file))

        # 获取备份目录中的所有备份文件
        backup_files = []
        for file_name in os.listdir(backup_dir):
            file_path = os.path.join(backup_dir, file_name)
            if os.path.isfile(file_path):
                backup_files.append((file_path, datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(os.path.getmtime(file_path))))

        # 按照备份文件的修改时间进行排序
        backup_files.sort(key=lambda x: x[1])

        # 删除超过最新7个备份的文件
        if len(backup_files) > 7:
            for file_path, file_time in backup_files[:-7]:
                os.remove(file_path)

    except Exception as e:
        logging.error(str(e))

if __name__ == "__main__":
    backup_minecraft_server()

保留最新的 7 份备份

按照每天备份一次算，其实就等于保留 7 天的备份

备份整个目录 （请保证备份的目录有足够的空间）

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

import os
import zipfile
from datetime import datetime

source_path = "/data/server"
backup_path = "/home/backup/mc_backup/server"
max_backup_count = 7  # 最大保留备份文件数量

# 打包zip压缩逻辑
def zip_directory(directory, zip_name):
    with zipfile.ZipFile(zip_name, 'w',allowZip64=True) as zipf:
        for root, dirs, files in os.walk(directory):
            for file in files:
                file_path = os.path.join(root, file)
                zipf.write(file_path, os.path.relpath(file_path, directory))

# 备份逻辑
def backup_files(source_path, backup_path):
    os.chdir(backup_path)
    current_time = datetime.now()
    times = current_time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d-%H-%M-%S')  # 包含秒
    zip_name = "mc_server_" + times + ".zip"
    zip_directory(source_path, zip_name)

    # 删除多余的备份文件
    existing_backups = [file for file in os.listdir(backup_path) if file.startswith("mc_server_") and file.endswith(".zip")]
    existing_backups.sort(key=lambda x: os.path.getmtime(x), reverse=True)
    for i in range(max_backup_count, len(existing_backups)):
        os.remove(existing_backups[i])
    print(times+"_mc服务器备份完成")

backup_files(source_path, backup_path)

上面的这个比较通用不管是 mc 服务器目录还是其他的都可以备份
我上面这个脚本的使用场景是 pve 虚拟机挂载了宿主机的 raid5 目录备份

添加定时任务

0 3 * * * python /path/to/backup.py

每天凌晨三点备份

后续添加

1.异地备份（OSS 对象存储）

2.查看备份日志